Lecture and laboratory survey of the five kingdoms of life; physiology of cells, tissues, organs, and organ systems; evolution; human impact on the biosphere. Required for students majoring in the life sciences. Cannot be taken for credit after BIOL 412 or equivalent. Lab.

Knowledge of biostatistics is essential to understanding our observations of life on Earth and properly design and conduct scientific research. Students develop skills in organizing data and performing, presenting, and interpreting statistical analyses. Theoretical concepts are applied using statistical software(s) and prepared biological data. Topics include descriptive statistics, continuous and discrete probability distributions, inferential statistics, confidence intervals, hypothesis testing for a difference of means and proportions, linear regression, non-parametric hypothesis testing, and graphing.

Cellular and systematic aspects of the human body. Laboratory exercises utilize preserved specimens, dissectible models, living tissue and computer-aided instruction. Systems covered include: the cell, chemistry, tissues, integument, osseous tissue and the skeleton, muscular tissue and muscles, nerves, the brain, spinal cord, autonomic nervous system, and special senses. Lab.

Cellular and systematic aspects of the human body. Laboratory exercises utilize preserved specimens, dissectible models, living tissue and computer-aided instruction. Systems covered include: the cell, chemistry, tissues, integument, osseous tissue and the skeleton, muscular tissue and muscles, nerves, the brain, spinal cord, autonomic nervous system, and special senses. Lab.